| 一、序言 兔尾的时候,将 wubi 安装的 ubuntu 系统给卸载了,原因是容量不够了,捣鼓了下扩展也捣鼓不出来,而且总感觉系统运行很慢,所以一不做二不休就将系统给卸载了,重新整过,而且整成了独立得双系统,然而等我装好之后,就下班时间了,所以今年回来第一件事当然就是重新配置一份环境了。因为自接触 PHP 以来,一直用得就是 Apache 得服务器,这回就用上了Nginx,顺便试试源码安装得方式,虽然麻烦点。 二、准备工作 本机子环境:64 位 Ubuntu 11.10 1、下载 Nginx: http://nginx.org/en/download.html #我用的是 1.1.13 版 2、下载 PCRE: ftp://ftp.csx.cam.ac.uk/pub/software/programming/pcre/ #我用的是 8.20 版本 三、安装及配置过程3.1 安装 PCRE因为我是用源码安装 Nginx,google 了下,安装这个是为了更好的在 Nginx 中使用正则相关# tar zxvf pcre-8.20.tar.gz # cd pcre-8.20 # ./configure –prefix=/usr/local/pcre-8.20 #安装到/usr/local/pcre-8.20 下 # make # sudo make install # tar zxvf nginx-1.1.13.tar.gz # cd nginx-1.1.13 # ./configure –prefix=/usr/local/nginx –pid-path=/var/run/nginx.pid--with-http_stub_status_module –with-http_ssl_module 这个时候,发现出现错误: 缺少 pcre library./configure: error: the HTTP rewrite module requires the PCRElibrary.You can either disable the module by using --without-http_rewrite_module option, or install the PCRE library into the system, or build the PCRE library statically from the source with nginx by using --with-pcre=<path> option.可是我明明源码安装了 pcre 还是错误,百思不得其解,看提示难道需要—winth-pcre 指定?于是我如下配置:# ./configure –prefix=/usr/local/nginx –pid-path=/var/run/nginx.pid --with-http_stub_status_module –with-http_ssl_module –with-pcre=/usr/local/pcre-8.20/lib 然而还是错误,于是我打算查看下—with-pcre 选项: # ./configure –help 结果发现如下: --with-pcre force PCRE library usage --with-pcre=DIR set path to PCRE library sources #需要指向pcre的源码路径 需要指向源码??反正试试再说如下: # ./configure –prefix=/usr/local/nginx –pid-path=/var/run/nginx.pid --with-http_stub_status_module –with-http_ssl_module –with-pcre=/home/xiaoxiao/Download/pcre-8.20 发现编译可以通过,难道它会重新需要编译 PCRE 么?不明~ 然而接下来还出现了几个错误:错误一: 缺少 openssl 库 ./configure: error: the HTTP cache module requires md5 functions from OpenSSL library. You can either disable the module by using --without-http-cache option, or install the OpenSSL library into the system, or build the OpenSSL library statically from the source with nginx by using --with-http_ssl_module --with-openssl=<path> options.解决办法:安装 openssl:# sudo apt-get install openssl 错误二:缺少 zlib 库 ./configure: error: the HTTP gzip module requires the zlib library. You can either disable the module by using --without-http_gzip_module option, or install the zlib library into the system, or build the zlib library statically from the source with nginx by using --with-zlib=<path> option.解决办法:安装 libssl-dev# sudo apt-get install libssl-dev 以上完了之后: # ./configure –prefix=/usr/local/nginx –pid-path=/var/run/nginx.pid --with-http_stub_status_module –with-http_ssl_module –with-pcre=/home/xiaoxiao/Download/pcre-8.20 # make # sudo make install 完成之后,需要将/usr/local/nginx/logs 目录设置为可写权限,里面是一系列得日志文件: # sudo chmod 777 R /usr/local/nginx/logs # nginx #启动 nginx # curl -i http://localhost 得到如下: HTTP/1.1 200 OK Server: nginx/1.1.13 Date: Mon, 30 Jan 2012 09:44:28 GMT Content-Type: text/html Content-Length: 151 Last-Modified: Mon, 30 Jan 2012 08:57:55 GMT Connection: keep-alive Accept-Ranges: bytes 也可打开网页然后运行 localhost 即可看到:“Welcome to nginx!”字样 3.3 注意事项在源码安装的时候,需要安装编译环境,gcc ubuntu 下,可以直接 apt-get 安装:# sudo apt-get install libtool # sudo apt-get install gcc-c++ 安装 gcc 出现如下错误: 安装 gcc-c++出错Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree Reading state information... Done E: Couldn't find package gcc-c 则先如下操作,再次安装: # sudo apt-get install build-essential # sudo apt-get update # sudo apt-get upgrade # sudo apt-get install gcc-c++
四、配置 Nginx 为系统服务 1、 配置到系统 path 中# sudo vim /etc/bash.bashrc 在该文件最后添加: if [ -d "/usr/local/nginx/sbin" ]; then PATH="$PATH:/usr/local/nginx/sbin" fi 2、添加启动管理文件并让 ubuntu 开机时自动运行 nginx 网页服务器 # wget http://nginx-init-ubuntu.googlecode.com/files/nginx-init-ubuntu_v2.0.0-RC2.tar.bz2 # tar jxvf nginx-init-ubuntu_v2.0.0-RC2.tar.bz2 # sudo vim nginx 更改 nginx 安装路径及 nginx 配置文件路径 PATH=/usr/local/nginx/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin DAEMON=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx PS="nginx" PIDNAME="nginx" PIDFILE=$PIDNAME.pid PIDSPATH=/var/run DESCRIPTION="Nginx Server..." RUNAS=root SCRIPT_OK=0 SCRIPT_ERROR=1 TRUE=1 FALSE=0 lockfile=/var/lock/subsys/nginx NGINX_CONF_FILE="/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf" 将该文件放到/usr/local/nginx 下并设为可执行,并且添加软连到/etc/init.d 执行: # sudo mv nginx /usr/local/nginx # chmod +x /usr/local/nginx/nginx # sudo ln -s /usr/local/nginx/nginx /etc/init.d/nginx #添加软连到/etc/init.d 目录下 # update-rc.d -f nginx defaults 启动和停止/重启命令： #sudo /etc/init.d/nginx start #sudo /etc/init.d/nginx stop #sudo /etc/init.d/nginx restart 完成。 |
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